What was the reason behind the founding of the 10th Mountain Division?

The founding of the 10th Mountain Division was specifically aimed at establishing a winter warfare unit for the US Army. During World War II, the United States recognized the need for specialized troops capable of operating effectively in winter conditions, especially in mountainous terrain. This was driven by the experiences in Europe and the realization that conventional ground forces needed capabilities tailored to operate in harsh winter climates. The 10th Mountain Division was trained not only in combat but also in skiing and mountaineering, allowing them to maneuver and fight effectively in snowy and mountainous regions.

The emphasis on winter warfare signified a critical evolution in military strategy, ensuring that the Army could deploy units capable of engaging the enemy in diverse environments. This initiative led to the division’s distinct identity and effectiveness in campaigns, particularly in the Italian Campaign toward the end of WWII. The focus on the specific skills required for winter operations indeed set the 10th Mountain Division apart from typical military formations.